Milling machine



Sep t. 6, 1938. A. OBERHOFFKEN MILLING MACHINE Filed Jan. 13, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 NVENTOIQJ G4)excmder Ober/voflren Max; f :w K W Sept. 6, 1938.

A OBERHOFFKEN MILLING MAGI'IINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Jan. 13, 1936- NVENTO&

(/exander ber/yo//en Sept. 6, 1938. A. OBERHOFFKEN 2128960 MILLING MACHINE Filed Jan. 1a, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheer. 4

INVENTOQ 4 c/exanaer Oberho/%en Patented Sept. 6, 1938 PATENT OFFICE MILLING worum:

Alexander Oberhoflken, Rockford, Ill. asslgnor to The Ingersoll Milllng Machlne Company, Rockford, Ill. a cmporation o! Illinoia Appllcation January 13, 1936, Serlal N0. 58,855

Clalms.

'I'he present invention relates to Improvements in mllling machines, and has particular reference to a machine adapted for the same range of uses as adjustable knee-type milllng machines.

In certain weil known knee-type milling machines, the work is customarily supportedon a reciprocatory carriage mounted beneath and for movement transversely of an overhanging tool spindle. The carriage is supported for adjust- 10 ment axially 01 the spindle in guideways on a knee which in turn is mounted for vertical adjustment toward and from the spindle in guideways on the tront of a base column.

One of the primary objects of the present invention is to provide a novel milling machine which is adapted for all o1 the normal uses of a knee-type milling machine, but in which the relative transverse and vertical adjustments between the work and the tool are obtained without employlng an adjustable knee and in general without employing transverse and vertical guideways of the foregoing character.

A i'urther object resides in the provision of a new and improved milling machine in which the reoiprocatory work carriage ls mounted directly an a fixed support, and in which the transverse and vertical adjustments between the work and the tool are effected solely through suitable adjustments 01 the tool spindle.

Still another object resides in the provlsion of a new and improved milling machine in which the tool spindle is mounted in the free and of a generally horizontal pivotal support movable'into dlil'erent angular positions 110 eifect vertical adjustment cf the spindle, and in which the spindle is adapted to be mounted in diiferent axial position.s within the support to effect adjustment transversely of the carriage.

A more specific dbject is to provide a pivotal spindle support which constitutes a unitary selicontained power pack for driving the spindle and for reciprocating the carriage in elther direction at a feed or rapid traverse.

Another object resides in the provision of a drive connection between the power pack and the carriage which comprises a shaft coaxial with the pivotal mounting of the pack so (hat the connection will be unefiected by adjustment of the pack into diflferent angular positions.

Further objects and advantages will become apparent as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawlngs, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a machineembodying the features o! my invention.

Flg. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the machine taken substantially along line 2-2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is' a fragmentary end vlew 01 the machine partially in vertical section along line 33 of F18. 2.

Flg. 4 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken substantlally in the plane cf line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Flg. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of the drivlng mechanism within the power pack, and the connections therefrom to the carriage and the tool spindle.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the machine constitutlng the exemplary embodiment of the invention comprises a hollow base 6 which is formed integral with a horizontal bed I on the top oi the Iront portion, and with an upstanding marginal Wall 8 defining a channel 9 about the bed. 'Ihe rear portion of the base 6 is formed with a short pedestal or upstanding support III extending in parallel spaced relation along the bed I. Formed in the top of the bed I is a longitudinal horizontal dove-tailed guide way II slidably confining a complementary guide I2 on the underside of a reciprocatory WOIk oarriage I3. II: will be evident that the base 6 with the bed l constitutes a non-adjustable fixed support for the carriage I3. Excepting for the guideway II and guide I2, for permitting traverse movements of the carriage I3, the construction avoids the use o1 any guideways for set-up adjustments, and hence is simple and inexpensivet, and provides a sturdy and rigid work suppor Overhanging and extending transversely of the carriage I3 is a spindle Il adapted I:o support a removable tool, such for example as a rotary milling cutter I5. 'I'he rear end of the spindle I4 is suitabiy Journaled and mounted for axial adjustment in a. support I6 an the pedestal II). It will be evident that the axial adjustment of the spindle I 4 affords means whereby the cutter I5 can be adjusted transversely of the work without requiring transverse guldeways for the carriage I3 Preferably the spindle I4 extends through and is journaled in a quill I'I (see Fig. 4) mounted for axial adjustment in a bearing sleeve I8 integral with an opening to the front of the support I6. Any suitable means may be provided for adjusting the quilll'l, and in the present in stance lt ls shown as comprising an adjusting screw I9 rotatably anchored agalnst endwise movement in a platze 20 bolted to the front 0f the support I6 and having a squared end 2I for engagement by a band tool (not shown).

The screw'l0 extends rearwardly into threaded engagement with a shoe 22 engaging in a, peripheral groove 22" in the quill I'I, movable along a guide slot 23 in the top wall oi' the bearing sleeve II. Sultable clamping means may be provided for securlng the qu1ll I1 In any position 01 axial adjustment.

AI: the forward end, the spindle I4 Is rotatably supported In a depending bearing bracket 24. 'I'his bracket.is slldably mounted on an overarm 20 which projects from the support I0 to the fl0l'lt of the base 0.

The spindle support I0 is In the form o: t an elongated. housing which extends generally horizontally along the rear o! the carriage I3, and whlch Is mounted at one end on the pedestal I0 for swinging movement about a horizontal axis extending transversely o! the carriage. The splndle I4 is journaled in the free end of the houslng I0, and hence Is osclllatory therewlth 150 eflect a relative vertical adjustment between the cutter I0 and the work. Consequently, such ad- Justment Is obtained without requlring a vertically adjustable knee and adjusting means therefor o! sufllcient strength to carry the relatlvely heavy welght of the knee and. the parts normally mounted thereon.

More partlcularly, the rlght end portlon of the houslng I0 is formed on the underside with a transverse Iug 20 pivotally mounted on the adjacent ends 01 the two aligned pivot members 21 and 20 secured to and projecting inwardly respectively from the front and rear walls of the pedestal I0. The left end face 01 the housing I0 is arcuate In form with the plvotal axls as a center, and extends In close relation 00 the top wall 20 of the pedestal I0. A depending adjust- Ing holt 30, having a squared and flanged head 3I rotatably seated In a recess 32 in the Wall 20, extends Into the pedestal I0 and through an apartured lug 33 on the extreme end 015 the housing I0. A nut 34 threaded onto the Iower end of the holt 30 underlies the 1ug 33 to support the housing I0 in position of angular adjustment.

- The weight of the housing I0 serves I:o hold the lug 33 against the nut 34 at all times. A depend- Ing apron 30 provides a closure for the hollow pedestal I0 when the housing I0 1s raised.

Mounted on the extreme forward end o1 the overarm 20 is a depending bracket 30 having a. bearlng 3I adapted to receive the splndle I4 when the latter Is adjusted axially into tully projected positlon. The bracket 30 has an extension arm 30 disposed against a. clamping face or pad 30 on the Iront wa1l of the base II, and formed with an arcuate slot 40. struck about the pivot 2I20 as a center. Two headed bolts 4I extend through the slot 40 and are threaded into the face 39. II: will be seen that when the bolts 4I are released the holt 30 may be turned to adjust the angular position of the housing I0 and thereby to adjust the vertical position 015 the cutter I5 relative to the carriage I3. Thereupon, one or the other er both of the bolts 4I may be tightened to clamp the parts securely in position of adjustment. The top Iron't and rear Walls o! the pedestal I0 are eonstructed substantially to expose the top and sides o! the housing I0.

In the preierred form 01 the invention, the support I0 not only serves as a housing tot the spindle mounting buI: also encloses In one unitary seli'-contained structure the means for driving the spindle I4 and traversing the carriage I3. The support I0 constitutes a power unit which may provide a dr1ve oi' any sultable character,

herein disclosed as electrical. Thus, the external houslng of the power nach I0 is made up o1 a plurality o! allgned and connected sectionn 42, 43 and 44, a plate 40 being Interposed between the latter two.

The drive Ior the spindle I4 ls taken Irorn an electric moi:or 40 mouniaed within the section 43, and having a tubular shai't 41 suitably journaled at Its ends In Interna] webs or walls 40 and 40. A fan 00 is flxed on one end o! the shatt 4I. The

other end of the shafl; 41 is connecttad through gears III and 02 to a parallel straft 03 extending through the wall 40 into the section 44. The shaft 53 in turn 1s connected through gear.s 00 and 55 to a shaft 00, then bevel gears 01 and 03 to a perpendicular shaft 00 and then through gears 00 and GI to a shaft 02 parallel to the spindle I4. Bach 01 these shatts 00, 50 and 02 is suitably Journaled In the sectlon 44. Fixed on the shatt 02 is an elongated gear, 03 meshing in all poaitions o! relative ax1al adjustment with a gear 04 secured to and movable with the tool spindle I4.

The spindle drive motor 40 has power inlei: lines 05, 00 and 01 adapted to be connected. by a master relay switch 00 having an actuatinz coil 00, to supply ma.ins L1 In and In. Excltation of the coil 00 Is under the control ot either of I;wo normally open starting switches 10 and II which may be located for convenlence at spaced. points and whlch are associated respectively with two normally closed stop switches I2 and. I3.

Upon closing the switch I0, a circuit is completed from the main L1 through a line I4, the energizing 0011 I5 01 a relay switch I0, a line II, the switch I0, and a 1Ine I0 to the maln L2. Energizatlon of the coil I0 closes the switch I0 to complete a circult. Irom the main L1 through the line I4, the coil 00, a 1Ine I0, the switch I0, a line 00, the stop switch I3, a line 0I, a cycle stop switch 82, a line 03, the stop switch I2 and the llne I0 to the main I.a. Interposed respectively in the lines 0I and 03 are two overload switches III and 03". The coil 00 when energized closes the master switch 08 and also close5 a switch 04 which establlshes a holding circuit, across the switch I0 Irom the line I0 to the line 00.

Upon closing the switch II Instead of the switch I0 a circuit 1s completed I.'rom the main L1 through the 11ne I4, the coll 00, the line I0, the switch I I, the l!ne 00, the switch I3, the line 0I, the switch 02, the 1Ine 03, the switch I2, and the line I0 to the main In to energize the coil 00 and thereby I:o close the switches 00 and 04. In th1s instance, the switch 04 establishes the holdlng circuit across the switch II from the line I0 to the line 80.

The power pack 1s adapted I;o drlve the carriage I3 In either d1rection ai: a. feed er rapid traverse, and hence comprises a feed motor 00 and a rapid traverse motor 00 connected through a difierentlal mechanism 01 to a power outlel: shaft 00 journaled in and extending through the pivot sleeve 21 to the 1ront of the pedesta.l I0. From the shaft 08, the drlve to the carriage I3 continues through a gear 00, an ldler gear 00 on a stub shaft 0I mounted In a bearing 02 In the front Wall of the pedestal III, and a gear 03 on a shaft 04 journaled at the'rear end. In a beaxing 05 in sa.ld front wa1l. are located within a recess 00 in the Iront Wall of the pedestal I0 and normally closed by a cover plate -0I.

The front end o! the shatt 04 1s journaled in spaced bearings' 00 within a bracket 00 bolted The gears 00, 00 and 03 one end o! tlie bed I. l"ixed oh the shatl: 84 between the bearings 88 is a spiral sear I8II which meshes with a. spiral gea r IIII an a drive screw Il|2 rotatably anchored at one end in the bracket 88. The screw is in threaded enzaaement' with a lug I88 an the underside o! the carriage I8. By reason of the coaxial relation 01 the shaft 88 and the pivot sleeve 2'I. the drive to the carriage I8 is connected in all angular positions o! the power pack I6.- II, will thus be seen that a drive connection for the carriage is ha'.d which is capable cf transmitting a heavy torque load since it is constituted by gears and like rigid elements as distinguished from belts, chains and similar flexible elements.

The feed motor 88 has a shaft III extending through the tubular shaft H, and connected through a wenn I8li and wenn wheel III6 to a perpendicular shaft I8'I. This shaft is connected through gears I08 and I08 to a warm IIO in mesh with a warm wheel III serving as the inlet of the differential mechanism 8I. The worm wheel III is rigid with an internal gear II2 which meshes with a. plurality of idler gears II8 rotatable in a cage II l on a diflerential outlet shaft II. A central gear II6, on a normaily stationary shait II'I rotatable on the shaft II5, meshes with the gears II3. The rapid traverse motor 86 has a shaft II8 connected through gears II8, l2ll and I2I to the shaft Ill.

When the rapid traverse motor 88 is idle a brake 86 prevents rotation o1 the gear II6',- and the feed drive in either direction causes the gears II3 to rollabout the gear II8 to drive the shaft II5. This drive is supplemented by rotation of the gear II6 to obtain a rapid traverse when operation of the motor 86 is instituted. The shaft I I has a. spiral gear I 22 which meshes with a spiral gear l23 on the straft 88, and which is adapted to roll on the gear I23 upon angular adjustment of the power pack I8.

The feed motor 85 is reversible and has three power inlet lines I24, I26 and I26 which are adapted to be connected reversibly to the lines 65, 68 and 61 by two selecti.vely operable direction relay switches I2! and I28 having energizing coils I28 and I30. When the master switch 68 is closed, the coil l29 is adapted to be comnected by a direction control switch I3I from the line I4 to the line 8I to institute a carriage ieed drive in one direction. Simiiarly, the coil III! is adapted to be connected by a direction control switch I 32 in a circuit across the lines 14 and 8I to Institute a ieed drive in the reverse direction.

The rapid traverse motor 86 is also reversible and has three power inlet li.nes I25, I33 and I34. The connection of the line I 25 to the main supply iines L1, L2 and L3 is not altered by the direction switches I2'I and I28. The lines I33 and I34 are adapted to be reversibly connected to the lines 65 and 66 respectively by two direction control switches I35 and I 36 to efiect a rapid traverse drive in one or the other direction. A brake solenoid I3 connected across the lines I33 and I3l releases the brake 86 when the motor 86 is energized.

Preferably, the carriage I3 is reciprocated through an automatic movement program comprising, for example, a predetermined cyc1e 01 rapid traverse and feed movements. T0 *this end, the respective switches 82 I3I, I32, I35 and I36 normally tend to close and are adapted to be opened in predetermined timed sequence by a series of cams I3'I to III inclusive. These cams are mounted on a commdn actuator. auch as a shaft Il2 1:0 which a step-by-step movement Is imparted by a. pawl and ratchet mechanism Il2 actuated by a control disk I43 driven through a train oi gears IM from the shaft III in timed relation to the carriage movement. 4

Assuming tl1at the partsoccupy the positions Illustrated in Fig. 5, the switch 82 is closed to maintain the circuits, and the switches I8l and III are closed to establish a rapid traverse carriage drive in one direction. In the subsequent rotation 01 the shatt III, the switch I36 will be opened by the cam M0 to stop the rapid traverse motor 88. Thereupon a i'eed drive in the same direction is obtained. Subsequently, I:he cam Nil again closes and then opens the switch I 85 to eflect a second rapid traverse movement followed by a second feed still in the same direction. Upon Iurther rotation oi' the shai't Il2, the cam I88 opens the switch I8I and simultaneously the cams III! and HI respectively open the switch I85 and close the switoh I36 to reverse the rapid traverse motor 86, thereby instituting a. rapid traverse of the carriase I3 in the reverse direction. In the present cycle, member I38 is circular and holds the switch I32 open at all times to prevent a reverse feed. and the cams M8 and I4I are shaped to maintain the switches I35 and I36 in one position during the rapid return 01 the carriage to Initial position. At the end of the quick return movement of the earriage I8, the cam I3'l opens the switch 82 to st0p the machine.

While one definite program cycle has been illustrated, it is to be understood that the cycle is determined by the specific oharacter of the nontrol cams .I38 to HI, and that bythe use of different cams, other program cycles may be obtained. For a more detailed understanding of the electric diiferential drive and the cycle control reference may be had to my copending application Serial N0. 723,136, flled April 30, 1934, Patent N0. 2040872 May 19 1936.

I claim as my invention:

1. A machine tool comprising, in combination, a base a carriage mounted for horizontal reciprocation on said base means for traversing said carriage, a tool head monted on said base for pivotal adjustment about an axis extending transversely of said carriage, a spindle mounted in one end of said head and extending over said carriage and being vertically adjustable relative to said carriage upon angular adjustment of said head, unitary self-contained power drive means in said head including an outlet shaft journaled in said base on said axis, and a drive connection from said sl 1aft to said first mentioned means.

2. A machine tool comprising, in combination, a base a carriage mounted for horizontal reciprocation on said base nut and screw means for traversing said carriage, a 1:001 head mounted on said base for pivotal adjustment about an axis extending transversely of said carriage, a rotary spindle mounted for axial adjustment in one end cf said head and extending over said carriage and being vertically adjustable relative to said carriage upon angular adjustment of said head, unitary self-contained power drive means in said head including a connection to said spindle and an outlet shaft journaled in said base on said axis, and a drive connection from said shaft to said flrst mentioned means.

3. A milling machine comprising, in combination, a horizontal base having an upstanding pedestal, a. carrlage mounted for reciprocation on said base a unitary self-contained power pacl:

mounted in'said head ior oscillatory movement therewith and. extencling over said carriaze, and power drive means in said pack for driving said apindle and traversing said carriage.

4. A milling machine comprising, in comblnationa horizontal base having an upstanding pedeatal, a carriage mounted tor reoipr0cation on said base, a unitary self-contained power pack pivotally mounted in said pedestal on a horizontal axia and having a counterweight tending to move said head in one angular direction. adjustable means i'or supporting said head in diflerent angular positions agalnst the Iorce ot said counterweight an arm movable with said power pack, means for clamping said arm to said base, a rotary spindie mounted in said head tor oscillatory movement therewith and extending over said carriage, and power drive means in said pack ior traversing said carriage.

5. A milling machine comprising, in combination, a horizontal base having an upstanding pedestal, a carriage mounted for horizontal reciprocation on said base, a gear housing mounted on said base at one end oi said carriage, a screw anchored in said housing and in threaded engagement with said carriage, a transverse shaft geared to said screw in said housing and extend- Ing rearwardly to said pedestal, a pivot sleeve mounted in said pedestal, a shait coaxial with said sleeve and geared to said flrst mentioned shait and having a drive gear, a seli-contained power pack pivotally mounted on said sleeve and enclosing variable speed drive means havlng an outlet gear' meshing with said flrst mentioned ge'ar and adapted to roll thereon upon pivotal movement o1 said pack, and a rotary spindle mounted i!or axial acljustment in said pack and extending transversely over said table, said spindle being adiustable relatively toward and from said oarriage upon pivotal movement of said pack.

6. A milling machine comprising, in combination. a horizontal base having an upstanding pedestal, a carriage mounted for horizontal-reciprocation on said base, means for traverslng said carriage, a transverse shait connected to said means and extending rearwardly to said pedestal, a pivot sleeve mounted in said pedestal, a sha1't coaxial with said sleeve and geared to said flrst mentioned shaft and having a drive gear, a seifcontained power pack pivotally mounted an said sleeve and enclosing drive means having an outlet gear meshing with said flrst; mentloned gear and adapted to roll thereon upon pivotal movement 01 said pack, and a roi:ary spindle mounted. in said pack and extending tr9.nsversely over said table, said splndle being adjustable relatively toward and from said carriace upon pivotal movement o! said pack.

7. Amachine tooi comprisinz. in eombination a baae, a carriage mounted ior horizontal reciprocation on said base, a tool head mountedon aaid base tor pivotal adjustment about an axiu, a spindle mounted in one and ot said head and extending over said oarriage and being vertically adiuatable relative to said carriaxe upon anzular adjustment o! said head, means tor adjuatin: said head, unitary selt-contained power drive man; in said head including a drive motor counected to said spindle and rapid traverse and feed motors oonatituting a variable speed power source, and means for connecting said source to said. carriage and including a shafl: Journaled in said base on said axis.

8. A machine tool comprising, in oombination, a base. a carriage reciprocable on said baue. a tool head mounted on said base i.'or pivotal movement about an axis extending transversely o! said carriage, and a rotary tool spindle mounted for axia1 adJustment in said head and extending parallel to said axis across said carriage, means tor axially adjusting said spindle, a gear on said spindle, a gear rotatable in said head on an axis parallel to that oi' said first mentioned gear, one oi' said gears being elonzated to mesh with the other gear in all axial positions 01 adjustment ot said spindle, and unitary power drive means in said head connected to said second mentioned gear.

9. A milling machine comprising, in combination, a horizontal base having an upstanding pedestal, a carriage mounted for reciprocation on said base, a tool head pivotally mounted on said pedestal on an axis extending transversely oi' said carriage, adjustable means for supporting said head in diflerent angular poeitions. an overarm movable with said head and extending over said carriage, a depending arm on said overarm, releasable means ior clamping said depend- Ing arm to the tront of said base. a spindle mounted in said head ior oscillatory movement therewith and extending over said carriage, and power drive means ior driving-said spindle and traversing said carriage.

10. A milling machine comprising, in combination, a horizontal base having an upstanding pedestal, a carriage mounted i!or reciprocation on said basea tool head mounted on said pedestal on an axis extending transversely o1 said carriage, adjustable means i'or supporting said head in diflerent angular positions. an overarm movable with said head and extending over said carriage, a depending arm on said overarm, releasable means tor clamping said depencling arm to the Iront of said base, an axially adjustable spindle mounted in said head. for oscillatory movement therewith and extending over said carriage adjacent said overarm and substantially parallel thereto, means for supporting the unter and portion of said spindle in its axlally adjusted position Horn an adjaceni: portion of said overarm, and power drive means for driving said spindle and traversing said carriage.

ALEXANDER OBIERI-IOFF'KEN. 

